Thailand
Composed of spectacular stalactites and stalagmites, Tham Lod Cave offers rich discoveries for nature enthusiasts visiting Mae Hong Son.
If the science of underground caves intrigues you, exploring Tham Lod Cave will be a delightful experience. Located 8 kilometers from the village of Pang Mapha and 50 kilometers from Pai, this limestone cave has been forming for thousands of years through the combined actions of rain and the Nam Lang River. Embark on a captivating journey amidst calcite formations that take on whimsical shapes. Glide slowly on a bamboo raft and admire the cool whiteness of stalactites and stalagmites. The flight of birds and bats adds a touch of magic to your adventure. If luck is on your side, your English-speaking guide may share insights about the Lawa tribe, who once inhabited the area and practiced mysterious burial rituals. While not a must-visit, Tham Lod Cave is a charming stopover during a visit to Mae Hong Son, a province in northern Thailand.
History of Tham Lod: an ancient cave
Chester Gorman was the first archaeologist to conduct excavations in the cave, starting in 1960. The American researcher discovered, among other artifacts, hammers, short axes, and stone weapons, indicating that the Hoabinhian people occupied the cave between 9,000 and 5,500 years ago. In addition to lithic tools, the fossils of legumes were also unearthed. The hunter-gatherer community likely lived permanently in the cave, refining survival strategies through plant cultivation. Almonds, betel nuts, pepper, and other fruits were consumed for food, spices, or aphrodisiac purposes, while others were used for lighting.
Another significant historical aspect of the cave is its funerary use. Wooden coffins dating back over a thousand years are hidden within, likely belonging to the Lawa tribe. The cave's ancient origins create an atmosphere of mystery and intrigue, compelling you to explore its depths.
Today
Compared to other caves in the country, such as Tham Khao Luang or Phraya Nakhon Cave, Tham Lod Cave is less known and rarely frequented by tourists. However, access is easy, the rock formations are impressive, and the cave's archaeological and historical significance is well-established. The cave's lesser popularity may be due to the fact that it is not a Buddha shrine. Yet, this is precisely the advantage of Tham Lod: offering something new and off the beaten path, providing a recreational stroll free from religious identity.
Exploring Tham Lod Natural Cave
Prepare for a 1,666-meter hike through the prehistoric Tham Lod Cave. Upon arriving at the cave entrance, you'll be greeted by a Shan tour guide. They will invite you onto a light bamboo raft and guide you through the various galleries. Be sure to bring a torch or gas lantern, as it is extremely dark inside.
The first 300 meters are navigated by boat. Keep your eyes peeled for diverse and magnificent rock formations. Sometimes they hang from the ceiling like street lamps; other times they resemble giant candelabras rising from the muddy floor and reaching towards the ceiling. Some stalagmites reach heights of up to twenty meters.
After the initial sections, you'll disembark and ascend wooden stairs leading to other cave galleries. A significant colony of bats can be found within the rocky walls. You'll also see teak wood coffins crafted by the Lawa over 1,400 years ago.
The highlight of the tour is the breathtaking view upon exiting the cave. Blinding light filters through a hole in the roof, piercing through the darkness. The cave runs the length of the mountain, so you emerge on the other side at the end of the circuit. The fluttering of swallows and swifts blends with the piercing cries of bats. If possible, plan your visit for late evening when the creatures return home, creating a fantastic display of wings near the cave's opening.
Practical information
Opening hours
Tham Lod is open from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. The cave is not wheelchair accessible.
The best time to visit
The best months to visit Tham Lod Cave are between November and late May, during dry weather in Mae Hong Son. July and August are the rainiest months. However, apart from these two months, there is no specific period to avoid visiting the cave.
Getting there
The famous cave is located less than 10 km from Pang Mapha, a tambon with a population of 4,000 in Mae Hong Son Province. There is no public transport directly to Tham Lod Cave from Pai or Mae Hong Son. The simplest way to get there is by joining an organized tour around Mae Hong Son or renting a private car.
Nearby attractions
After completing your cave tour, continue your visit by heading to Mae Lanna Cave, located 12 kilometers from Mae Hong Son. Alternatively, enjoy a tribal experience at Ban Jabo, a humble mountain village inhabited by Lahu peasants.
